Reading 6: Discounted Cash Flow Applications - LOS a, (Par

答案和详解如下：

1、The financial manager at Genesis Company is looking into the purchase of an apartment complex for $550,000. Net after-tax cash flows are expected to be $65,000 for each of the next five years, then drop to $50,000 for four years. Genesis’ required rate of return is 9 percent on projects of this nature. After nine years, Genesis Company expects to sell the property for after-tax proceeds of $300,000. What is the internal rate of return (IRR) and net present value (NPV) on this project?

A)           6.66%                               -$64,170

B)           7.01%                       -$53,765

C)           8.09%                       -$21,535

D)           13.99%                     $166,177

The correct answer was B)

IRR Keystrokes:

 CF₀ = -$550,000, CF₁ = $65,000, F₁ = 5, CF₂ = $50,000, F₂ = 3; CF₃ = $350,000, F₃  = 1.

 NPV Keystrokes:

CF₀ = -$550,000, CF₁ = $65,000, F₁ = 5, CF₂ = $50,000, F₂ = 3; CF₃ = $350,000, F₃  = 1.

Compute NPV, I = 9.

 Note:  Although the rate of return is positive, the IRR is less than the required rate of 9%.  Hence, the NPV is negative.

2、Fisher, Inc., is evaluating the benefits of investing in a new industrial printer. The printer will cost $28,000 and increase after-tax cash flows by $8,000 during each of the next five years. What is the internal rate of return (IRR) and net present value (NPV) of the printer project if Fisher’s required rate of return is 11 percent?

A)            5.56%                      -$3,180

B)            17.97%                   $5,844

C)            11.00%                            $12,000

D)            13.20%                            $1,567

The correct answer was D)

IRR Keystrokes: CF₀ = -$28,000, CF₁ = $8,000, F₁ = 5; Compute IRR = 13.2%.

NPV Keystrokes: CF₀ = -$28,000, CF₁ = $8,000, F₁ = 5; I = 11; Compute NPV = 1,567.

Since cash flows are level, an alternative is: 

IRR:  N = 5, PMT = 8,000, PV = -28,000, CPT I/Y = 13.2%. 

NPV:  I/Y = 11, CPT PV = -29,567 + 28,000 = 1,567

3、The estimated annual after-tax cash flows of a proposed investment are shown below:

Year 1: $10,000

Year 2: $15,000

Year 3: $18,000

After-tax cash flow from sale of investment at the end of year 3 is $120,000

The initial cost of the investment is $100,000, and the required rate of return is 12 percent. The net present value (NPV) of the project is closest to:

A)   $63,000.

B)   ($66,301).

C)   $19,113.

D)   $57,952.

The correct answer was C)

10,000/1.12 = 8,929

15,000/(1.12)² = 11,958

138,000/(1.12)³ = 98,226

NPV = 8,929 + 11,958 + 98,226 – 100,000 = $19,113

Alternatively: CFO = -100,000, CF1 = 10,000, CF2 = 15,000, CF3 = 138,000, I = 12, CPT NPV = $19,112.

4、An investment with a cost of $5,000 is expected to have cash inflows of $3,000 in year 1, and $4,000 in year 2. The internal rate of return (IRR) for this investment is closest to:

A)   15%.

B)   30%.

C)   25%.

D)   10%.

The correct answer was C)

The IRR is the discount rate that makes the net present value of the investment equal to 0.

This means -$5,000 + $3,000/(1 + IRR) + $4,000/(1 + IRR)² = 0

One way to compute this problem is to use trial and error with the existing answer choices and choose the discount rate that makes the PV of the cash flows closest to 5,000.

$3,000/(1.25) + $4,000/(1.25)² = 4,960.

Alternatively: CFO = -5,000, CF1 = 3,000, CF2 = 4,000, CPT IRR = 24.3%.

5、In order to calculate the net present value (NPV) of a project, an analyst would least likely need to know the:

A)   internal rate of return (IRR) of the project.

B)   opportunity cost of capital for the project.

C)   expected cash flows from the project.

D)   timing of the expected cash flows from the project.

The correct answer was A)

The NPV is calculated using the opportunity cost, discount rate, expected cash flows, and timing of the expected cash flows from the project. The project’s IRR is not used to calculate the NPV.

6、The capital budgeting director of Green Manufacturing is evaluating a laser imaging project with the following characteristics:

§ Cost: $150,000

§ Expected life: 3 years

§ After-tax cash flows: $60,317 per year

§ Salvage value: $0

If Green Manufacturing’s cost of capital is 11.5 percent, what is the project’s internal rate of return (IRR)?

A)   $3,875.

B)   2.49 years.

C)   10.0%.

D)   13.6%.

The correct answer was C)

Since we are seeking the IRR, the answer has to be in terms of a rate of return, this eliminates options not written in percentages.

Since they payments (cash flows) are equals, we can calculate the IRR as: N = 3, PV = 150,000, Pmt = 60,317, CPT I/Y = 9.999