Joni Black, CFA, works for a portfolio management firm. Black is a partner of the firm and is primarily responsible for managing several large pension plans. She also is in a supervisory position with several research analysts reporting directly to her. Dave Wood is a research analyst who has worked under Black for the last six years. Wood recently completed the Level III CFA exam and is anxiously awaiting the results. As a display of confidence, Black shows Wood a box of business cards that have already been printed up for Wood with the initials CFA after his name. She locks them away in a file cabinet and promises to deliver them on the day they get the news of his passing the exam. Black and Wood have been working closely to service a number of clients. Wood knows that Black recently met with a prospect named John Talbert. Black says that she received Talberts paperwork and made a recommendation to Talbert to which he agreed. Black tells Wood to execute the trade. Wood has not seen the final paperwork, but from what he knows, the trade is congruent with Talberts situation. Wood also knows the recommendation is generally a sound one. Black is on the board of directors for ATX Corporation. She was asked to write a research report for ATX Corporation. Because of her relationship with ATX, she assigned Wood to write the report instead. Black is Woods supervisor and requires Wood to show all of his work to her for final approval. As Wood begins writing the report, he remembers that the trust fund of his children, left to them by the parents of Woods wife, has a sizable investment in ATX. Black manages a pension fund for Evergreen International. The management of Evergreen International has just requested that Black increase the portion in international equity funds to 30 percent of total assets from its current position of 10 percent of total assets. The management of Evergreen International believes the potential for growth in international markets is much greater than the domestic market and would like to see the pension fund managed more aggressively. Wood watches as Black immediately acts upon the recommendation of Evergreen International. Black allocates some of the funds assets to a few stocks in foreign countries. One of the stocks immediately goes up in price and volatility, and Black sees an opportunity to earn some extra income by selling a covered call on that particular stock. She sells the call on behalf of the pension fund. Wood asks Black if the pension funds charter allows derivative strategies. Black says she does not know, but says she only sells covered calls when she sees a really good opportunity and none of her clients have ever complained even when they have specified that no options shall be used. Covered calls can never cost a client anything, and they always earn income for the client, Black points out to Wood. Despite his close relationship with Black, Wood has been preparing to start his own money management firm. He has turned a spare bedroom in his house into an office with new furniture and computer. He has the room wired with the latest Internet service upgrades. He has subscribed to financial news services and opened a trading account in the name of his proposed company. He has told an old friend about his plans. His friend has a large portfolio being managed at another brokerage firm. The friend had met Black, and told Wood that he did not like her and could not let them handle his portfolio despite their friendship. If Wood was on his own, however, the friend had told Wood that he would want Wood to manage his portfolio. Wood also contacts a cousin, who recently inherited a large portfolio. The cousin says that he would like to get some help managing the portfolio as soon as possible. Wood instructs the cousin to use futures contracts to, in effect, hedge the value of the portfolio cost-free until Wood sets up his business, and Wood can then take his cousin on as a client. He sends each of them a copy of his resume where in his credentials he places after his name CFA (expected 200X). With respect to Blacks instruction to execute the trade for Talbert, according to the Standards, Wood should: | A) | execute the trade only after consulting the firms legal counsel. |
| B) | execute the trade immediately. |
| | C) | not execute the trade because he has not met Talbert himself. |
| | D) | not execute the trade because he has not yet earned the CFA designation. |
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Answer and ExplanationSince Black is Woods supervisor and has the CFA designation and Wood sees nothing wrong, Wood has no reason to take any intermediate action.
With respect to the report on ATX Corporation that Black asked Wood to write, which of the following must Wood include in the report? | A) | Wood does not have the CFA designation and the position of ATX in the trust fund of Woods children. |
| B) | Black is on the board of ATX and the position of ATX in the trust fund of Woods children only. |
| | C) | Wood does not have the CFA designation only. |
| | D) | Wood does not have the CFA designation and that Black is on the board of ATX. |
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Answer and Explanation
This question is related to Disclosure of Conflicts, Standard VI(A). Blacks relationship with ATX Corporation must be disclosed in the research report because it could impair Blacks ability to make an unbiased judgment. Under the same standard, the position of ATX in the childrens trust fund must be mentioned because it is beneficial ownership that could reasonably impair Woods judgment. Even though Wood is the one writing the report, both potential conflicts need to be disclosed since Black is supervising Wood. The fact Black requires Wood to get her approval, which is congruent with Standard IV(C), is simply a routine firm policy that does not need reporting. It is not required to mention that an analyst does not have the CFA designation.
With respect to the pension fund for Evergreen International, Blacks fiduciary duty is: | A) | primarily to the management and stockholders of Evergreen International. Black should follow management's direction to potentially increase the value of the company. |
| | B) | to the participants, beneficiaries, and management of Evergreen International. Therefore, Black should increase the portion in international equities as long as it is within policy statement guidelines. |
| C) | owed to the participants and beneficiaries of Evergreen International. Therefore, Black should continue to manage the fund in their best interest regardless of the management's request. |
| | D) | equally divided amongst all company stakeholders. Therefore, she must consider all requests of management, stockholders, participants and beneficiaries. |
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Answer and ExplanationThis question relates to Standard III(A), Loyalty, Prudence, and Care. Blacks fiduciary duty is to the participants and beneficiaries of the pension plan according to ERISA. Black should act in their best interest in managing the funds.
With respect to the pension fund for Evergreen International, after Wood notices Blacks actions concerning the managements instructions, he should: A) | try to distance himself from Blacks activities. |
| | B) | do nothing because he knows what Black said about the covered call properties and her record is true. |
| | C) | report Blacks activities to the police. |
| | D) | do nothing, because he knows his supervisor is competent and has the CFA designation and what Black said about the covered call properties and her record is true. |
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Answer and Explanation
According to Standard I(A), Knowledge of the Law, members and candidates must know the law and not knowingly assist in breaking the law. When questionable activities occur like Blacks option trading, the best course of action for an associate is distance him/herself and seek legal counsel.
With respect to Wood preparing to set up his own business, Wood violated the Standards: | A) | in his communication with his friend. |
| | B) | by setting up trading accounts in the name of his company. |
| C) | in his communication with his cousin. |
| | D) | by setting up an office in his home with news subscriptions in the name of his company. |
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Answer and Explanation
Wood violated Standard IV(A), Loyalty to Employer by contacting his cousin and advising him because the cousin could potentially be a client for his current firm. Since the friend had said he would not do business with Black, and Wood gave him no instructions, that was not a violation. Note that Standard IV(A) covers competing with an employer, not preparing to compete. Preparing to compete by setting up an office and other related activities are not a violation of the Standards.
Violations with respect to the use of the CFA designation occurred with: A) | the letters sent by Wood to his friend and cousin but not with the printing of the business cards by Black. |
| | B) | the printing of the business cards by Black but not the letters sent by Wood to his friend and cousin. |
| | C) | neither the printing of the business cards by Black nor the letters sent by Wood to his friend and cousin. |
| | D) | both the printing of the business cards by Black and the letters sent by Wood to his friend and cousin. |
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Answer and Explanation
Standard VII(B), Reference to CFA Institute, the CFA Designation, and the CFA Program, limits the use of the CFA designation to those who have passed all three levels of the CFA Program, have received their charters, and are charter holders in good standing. Wood may not put CFA (expected 200X) following his name because it is a violation of the Standard. However, he may state that he is a Level III candidate in the CFA program if he wishes. The printing of the business cards was not a prudent move, but since they are taking care not to distribute them until the appropriate time, no violation has occurred. In some sense, it is like a research report written in advance of an anticipated event. As long as the report is not released until after the event, no violation has occurred. | 
发表于 2008-9-15 15:49
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