Consider three corporate bonds that are identical in all respects except as noted:
- Bond F has $100 million face value outstanding. On average, 200 bonds trade per day.
- Bond G has $300 million face value outstanding. On average, 200 bonds trade per day.
- Bond H has $100 million face value outstanding. On average, 500 bonds trade per day.
Will the yield spreads to Treasuries of Bond G and Bond H be higher or lower than the yield spread to Treasuries of Bond F?
Liquidity is attractive to investors, so they will pay a higher price (demand a lower yield) for a more liquid bond than for an identical bond that is less liquid. Bond G is more liquid than Bond F because of its greater size. Bond H is more liquid than Bond F because it trades in greater volume. Therefore both Bond G and Bond H will tend to have lower yield spreads to Treasuries than Bond F.
Bonds that are sold as part of a smaller issue have higher liquidity risk than bonds that are sold in a large issue. Investors will demand a higher yield to maturity to cover the liquidity risk; therefore, these bonds will be sold for less than bonds from larger issues.