S-notes economics, page141, 2
For a demand-pull effect or a cost-push effect to cause inflation:
A. the AS curve has to shift in response to a shift of the AD curve B. the AS curve has to shift in response to a shift of the AS curve
C. the cause of the shift in AS or AD must be repeated or sustained. D.economic equilibrium must be re-established at a higher price level
答案是C 解释: To cause more than a one-time increase in the price level, whatever caused the AS curve to shift to the right (demand-pull) or the AS curve to shift to the left (cost-push) must be sustained over time.
我有两个问题:
1.为什么D不对? 对于成本推动和需求拉动型通涨来说,最后的结果不都是经济平衡时的价格水平更高了吗?
2.C是什么意思?对于成本推动型通涨而言,SRAS的下降会引起产出下降,但经济不会自动回升(因为工资粘性),所以需要相应的货币财政政策,但是对于需求拉动型通涨而言,不是会自动恢复经济平衡的吗?怎么说要一定要repeated或者sustained?
c: 重新平衡都是通过AS/AD 变化达到的, 2跟线都动 所以是REPEATED AND SUSTAINED
D:HIGER PRICE LEVEL 不等于 HIGHER PRICE
对伐
我觉得 有一个实际价格的问题吧 价格涨了 如果考虑通货膨胀的话 实际价格说不定只有跌了
个人意见:
price和price level一回事,一个是微观经济概念,一个是宏观概念而已。因为AS,AD讨论的是宏观概念,所以price level指的就是price
C确保经济影响是持续性的,而不是one time shock,和经济是不是回归平衡或者怎么回归平衡并没有设计。
D不对,因为我们不能假设在shock之前,经济处于full employment状态。如果经济尚未达到full employment,demand-pull因素可以导致GDP上升,从而带动经济体趋向于full employment,在重新平衡后,price level不一定升高(因为作用的效果在GDP上,而不在价格上),改变的是expected inflation如果market participants相信AD会继续上升。
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