标题: Reading 49: Global Investment ....mance Standards-LOS d [打印本页]
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 14:55 标题: [2008] Session 18- Reading 49: Global Investment ....mance Standards-LOS d
CFA Institute Area 3-5, 7, 12, 14-18: Portfolio Management
Session 18: Global Investment Performance Standards
Reading 49: Global Investment Performance Standards
LOS d: State the requirements and recommendations of the GIPS standards with respect to input data, including accounting policies related to asset valuation and performance measurement.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 14:56
Which of the following is an important requirement of Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS)?
A) | Benchmarks and composites should be created on an ex post basis. |
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B) | All of these choices are correct. |
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C) | Time-weighted rates of return that adjust for daily-weighted cash flows must be used beginning January 1, 2003. |
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D) | Firms need to comply with the local laws of regulation, which supersede GIPS. |
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Answer and Explanation
Benchmarks and composites should be created on an ex ante basis. Time-weighted rates of return that adjust for daily-weighted cash flows must be used beginning January 1, 2005.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 14:57
All of the following are requirements of the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS) EXCEPT:
A) | a firm is required to present, at minimum, ten years of annual investment performance that is compliant with GIPS. |
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B) | portfolios must be valued at least monthly for periods beginning January 1, 2001. |
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C) | total return, including realized and unrealized gains plus income, must be used. |
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D) | returns from cash and cash equivalents held in portfolios must be included in total-return calculations. |
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Answer and Explanation
GIPS require that firms present, at minimum, five years (not ten) of annual investment performance that is compliant with GIPS. After a firm presents 5 years of compliant history, it must annually add each subsequent year up to a total of 10 years. Note that GIPS also require monthly valuation after January 1, 2001.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 14:57
Under the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS), for periods beginning January 1, 2001, portfolio valuation must be based on:
A) | market values and must occur at least monthly. |
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B) | cost basis and they must occur at least monthly. |
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C) | book values and they must occur at least monthly. |
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D) | market values and they must occur at least quarterly. |
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Answer and Explanation
GIPS require portfolio valuation to be based on market values and valuation must occur at least monthly for periods beginning January 1, 2001. For periods beginning January 1, 2010, firms must value portfolios on the date of all large external cash flows.
GIPS require portfolio valuation to be based on market values and valuation must occur at least monthly for periods beginning January 1, 2001. For periods beginning January 1, 2010, firms must value portfolios on the date of all large external cash flows.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 14:58
Which of the following actions are recommended (not required) for claiming compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards?
A) | Accrual accounting should be used for dividends (as of the ex-dividend date). |
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B) | Total return, including realized and unrealized gains plus income must be used. |
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C) | Returns from cash and cash equivalents held in portfolios must be included in total return calculations. |
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D) | If a firm sets a minimum asset level for portfolios to be included in a composite, no portfolios below that level can be included in the composite. |
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Answer and Explanation
This is a recommended action step while the remainder are required.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 14:58
Firm X currently claims compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS) but uses settlement-date accounting. Beginning January 1, 2005, what must Firm X do to remain compliant?
A) | Begin using trade-date accounting and recalculate historical performance of its composites. |
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B) | Begin using trade-date accounting. |
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C) | Nothing, there is no change in requirements. |
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D) | Disclose the use of settlement-date accounting. |
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Answer and Explanation
Standard 1.A.4 requires that firms use trade-date accounting for periods beginning January 1, 2005. These firms, however, will not be required to recalculate performance results that were presented in accordance with the Standards for periods prior to January 1, 2005.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 14:59
LNJ Asset Management, Inc., claims compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS). Which of the following statements would render LNJ ineligible for this claim?
A) | Valuations are done monthly. |
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B) | Portfolio valuations are on a cost basis. |
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C) | LNJ only has four years of history. |
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D) | Cash and cash equivalent returns are included in calculations. |
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Answer and Explanation
Portfolios are to be valued on a market value basis. All other statements are consistent with GIPS.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 15:00
Since its inception on 1 January, 1994, Alpine Investment Management (AIM) has calculated its investment performance using quarterly valuation. Beginning 1 January, 2004, AIM plans to present its performance history since its inception. What must AIM do with regard to this issue if it intends to claim compliance with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS)? Recalculate its performance for the years:
A) | 2000 through 2003 using monthly valuation. |
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B) | 2001 through 2003 using monthly valuation. |
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C) | 1994 through 2003 using monthly valuation. |
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D) | 2001 through 2003 using monthly valuation, and disclose the fact that quarterly valuation was used in the pre-2001 periods. |
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Answer and Explanation
GIPS Standard 1.A.3 requires firms to use monthly valuation for periods beginning 1 January, 2001. There is no need to recalculate performance for periods prior to 1 January, 2001, in order to claim compliance with GIPS. Thus, assuming AIM is GIPS-compliant in all other areas, it can show its performance history based on quarterly valuation for the years 1994 through 2000. AIM must, however, recalculate its performance results using monthly valuation for 2001, 2002, and 2003 in order to be in compliance with the GIPS standards.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 15:02
The Strausburg Investment Management (SIM) manages portfolios that are represented in more than 15 composites. Over the years, the exact number of portfolios under management has fluctuated between 65 and 95 due to terminations and additions. Assume that SIM is notified of the termination of a portfolio on 25 August, 2002. At the end of which of the following dates should the terminated portfolio be removed from its compositin oreder to be compliant with the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS)?
Answer and Explanation
GIPS Standard 3.A.4 requires terminated portfolios to be included in the historical record of the appropriate composite(s) through the last full measurement period that the portfolio was under management. Standard 1.A.3 requires that for periods beginning January 1, 2001, portfolios must be valued at least monthly. Thus, SIM should remove the portfolio from its composite at the end of the month preceding its termination, i.e., 31 July, 2002.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 15:02
Which of the following is a correct representation of requirements needed to meet the Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS)?
A) | Portfolios must be valued at least monthly for periods beginning January 1, 2001. |
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B) | All of these choices are correct. |
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C) | Firms must use trade-date accounting for periods beginning January 1, 2005. |
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D) | Total return, including realized and unrealized gains plus income must be used. |
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Answer and Explanation
All of the above requirements must be met to claim compliance with GIPS.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 15:03
Which of the following is NOT a Global Investment Performance Standards (GIPS) input data requirement?
A) | Portfolio valuations must be based on market values (not cost basis or book values). |
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B) | Portfolios must be valued at least quarterly. For periods beginning January 1, 2001, portfolios must be valued at least monthly. |
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C) | All data and information necessary to support a firm's performance presentation and to perform the required calculations must be captured and maintained. |
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D) | For periods beginning January 1, 2005, firms must use settlement date accounting. |
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Answer and Explanation
For periods beginning January 1, 2005, firms must use trade date accounting.
作者: tycoon 时间: 2008-9-18 15:05
接着上一帖的题
After reviewing the presentation, Walsh again meets with Bill Klecko. She identifies several violations of GIPS, including:
- The lack of a notation that composite definitions are available upon request.
- Inclusion in the equity composite of carve-outs that are not managed separately with their own cash balance.
- Failure to list the minimum asset value for portfolio inclusion in the composite.
- The lack of a fee schedule and disclosure of what fees are deducted.
- No disclosure of dispersion of portfolio returns relative to the composite.
Using the modified Dietz method, the portfolio return for the March 2005 quarter is closest to:
Answer and Explanation
To calculate returns using the modified Dietz method, subtract the beginning value from the ending value, then subtract any cash flows. Divide that value by the beginning value plus the sum of each cash flow, multiplied by its weight. To calculate the weight, subtract the date on which the cash flow occurred from the number of days in the period, then divide by the number of days in the period.
January return = ($217,008 - $182,567 - $35,000) / ($182,567 + (31-16)/31 × $35,000) = -0.28%.
February return = ($85,183 - $217,008 (-$140,000)) / ($217,008 + (28 8)/28 × (-$140,000)) = 6.99%.
March return = ($102,989 - $85,183) / $85,183 = 20.90%.
Quarterly return = (1 0.28%) × (1 + 6.99%) × (1 + 20.90%) 1 = 28.99%.
To calculate returns using the modified Dietz method, subtract the beginning value from the ending value, then subtract any cash flows. Divide that value by the beginning value plus the sum of each cash flow, multiplied by its weight. To calculate the weight, subtract the date on which the cash flow occurred from the number of days in the period, then divide by the number of days in the period.
January return = ($217,008 - $182,567 - $35,000) / ($182,567 + (31-16)/31 × $35,000) = -0.28%.
February return = ($85,183 - $217,008 (-$140,000)) / ($217,008 + (28 8)/28 × (-$140,000)) = 6.99%.
March return = ($102,989 - $85,183) / $85,183 = 20.90%.
Quarterly return = (1 0.28%) × (1 + 6.99%) × (1 + 20.90%) 1 = 28.99%.
In order to meet the definition of a firm, Klecko Investments must, in its performance presentation: A) | include the hedge-fund division in the composites. |
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B) | separate the different asset-management styles into company subsidiaries. |
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C) | differentiate the portfolio-management styles of the equity and hedge-fund managers. |
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D) | do nothing. The composite already satisfies the GIPS requirements to be a firm. |
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Answer and Explanation
The composites appear to reflect all equity portfolios except hedge funds. Since the hedge funds are operated by different people using a different management style and by law are marketed to a different group of clients, the remainder of Klecko Investments should represent a firm in its own right. But in order to establish this, Klecko must disclose why the two units are different, specifically the difference in the way they manage assets and who manages those assets.
Regarding accounting for cash flows, Bill Klecko should be most concerned about the firms: A) | treatment of dividends and interest. |
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B) | adjustment for daily external cash flows. |
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C) | lack of ability to exactly reflect cash flows. |
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D) | use of two different calculation methods. |
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Answer and Explanation
Dividends and interest are not usually considered cash flows that need adjustment because they remain in the portfolio, so Klecko should not be adjusting for either of them. The other three policies are in keeping with GIPS requirements.
Which of the following characteristics did Walsh misidentify as a GIPS violation in Klecko Investments performance presentation? A) | Failure to list the minimum asset value for portfolio inclusion in the composite. |
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B) | Inclusion in the equity composite of carve-outs that are not managed separately with their own cash balance. |
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C) | The lack of a fee schedule and disclosure of what fees are deducted. |
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D) | The lack of a notation that composite definitions are available upon request. |
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Answer and Explanation
Carve-outs can be included in a composite as long as they are reported with their share of the cash balance in the account from which they are pulled. Carve-outs being managed separately with their own cash balance is a recommendation, not a requirement. The other characteristics represent GIPS violations.
Klecko Investments violated GIPS by: A) | not providing portfolio values on the dates of large cash flows. |
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B) | not recalculating historical performance data based on trade-date accounting. |
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C) | failing to disclose that nonrealized gains are included as part of the total return. |
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D) | failing to provide a risk measure for the composite. |
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Answer and Explanation
Trade-date accounting became required in 2005. While older numbers need not be restated, Klecko must recalculate its 2005 performance. Values on the dates of large cash flows will not be required until 2010. While GIPS requires the inclusion of nonrealized gains in returns, it does not require that the company make a statement to that effect. Inclusion of an overall risk measure of the composite such as beta or volatility or any other relevant risk measure is a recommendation but not required. This is a different risk measure than the required internal dispersion measure of individual portfolio returns comprising the composite for each annual period of.
Walsh forgot to point out the GIPS violation involving: A) | frequency of portfolio asset-weighting. |
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B) | exclusion of non-fee-paying portfolios. |
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C) | failure to disclose treatment of withholding tax on capital gains. |
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D) | lack of disclosure about fiscal year end. |
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Answer and Explanation
Monthly asset-weighting is a recommendation, not a requirement. Non-fee-paying portfolios are not required to be in the composite. GIPS requires the use of a standard reporting period, but does not require that nonstandard fiscal years be disclosed. But GIPS does require that firms disclose how they treat withholding taxes on dividends, interest income, and capital gains.
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