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标题: Economics: Microeconomic Analysis - Reading 14: Efficiency a [打印本页]

作者: mayanfang1 时间: 2008-12-31 09:46 标题: [2009]Session 4: Economics: Microeconomic Analysis - Reading 14: Efficiency a

Q1. For a given good or service, the marginal social benefit (MSB) and the marginal social cost (MSC) curves are least accurately described by which of the following?

A) Producer surplus is determined by price and the MSC curve and consumer surplus is determined by price and the MSB curve.

B) The efficient allocation of resources occurs where the difference between the MSB and MSC curves is maximized.

C) The sum of consumer and producer surpluses is maximized at the intersection of the MSB and MSC curves.

Q2. Equilibrium in a perfectly competitive market results in a quantity for which the:

A) producer surplus equals zero.

B) consumer and producer surpluses are equal.

C) sum of consumer and producer surpluses is maximized.

Q3. Which of the following conditions exists when the economic gain to society is maximized?

A) The price and quantity for a good or service is such that producer surplus equal zero.

B) The price and quantity for a good or service is such that consumer and producer surpluses are equal.

C) The sum of consumer and producer surpluses for a good or service is maximized.

作者: mayanfang1 时间: 2008-12-31 09:46

答案和详解如下：

Q1. For a given good or service, the marginal social benefit (MSB) and the marginal social cost (MSC) curves are least accurately described by which of the following?

A) Producer surplus is determined by price and the MSC curve and consumer surplus is determined by price and the MSB curve.

B) The efficient allocation of resources occurs where the difference between the MSB and MSC curves is maximized.

C) The sum of consumer and producer surpluses is maximized at the intersection of the MSB and MSC curves.

Correct answer is B)

The marginal social benefit (MSB) curve is the market demand curve and the marginal cost (MSC) curve and is the market supply curve. At the intersection of the MSB and MSC curves, the sum of producer and consumer surpluses is maximized and society’s resources are being efficiently allocated.

Q2. Equilibrium in a perfectly competitive market results in a quantity for which the:

A) producer surplus equals zero.

B) consumer and producer surpluses are equal.

C) sum of consumer and producer surpluses is maximized.

Correct answer is C)

In a competitive market, the equilibrium quantity is the one for which the sum of the consumer and producer surpluses is maximized.

Q3. Which of the following conditions exists when the economic gain to society is maximized?

A) The price and quantity for a good or service is such that producer surplus equal zero.

B) The price and quantity for a good or service is such that consumer and producer surpluses are equal.

C) The sum of consumer and producer surpluses for a good or service is maximized.

Correct answer is C)

In competitive market, the economic gain to society is maximized when the sum of the consumer and producer surpluses for a good or service is maximized.

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