Q1. What is the difference between the direct and the indirect method of calculating cash flow from operations?

A)   The direct method starts with sales and follows cash as it flows through the income statement, while the indirect method starts with net income and adjusts for non-cash charges and other items.

B)   The indirect method starts with gross income and adjusts to cash flow from operations, while the direct method starts with gross profit and flows through the income statement to calculate cash flows from operations.

C)   Balance sheet items are not included in the cash flow from operations for the direct method, while they are included for the indirect method.

Q2. The correct set of cash flow treatments as they relate to interest paid according to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and International Accounting Standards (IAS) GAAP is:

          U.S. GAAP                         IAS GAAP

A) CFO                                            CFO or CFF

B) CFF                                             CFF

C) CFO or CFF                               CFO

Q3. According to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and International Accounting Standards (IAS) GAAP, should dividends paid be treated as a cash flow from financing (CFF) or as a cash flow from operations (CFO)?

          U.S. GAAP                          IAS GAAP

A) CFF or CFO                               CFO

B) CFO                                            CFF

C) CFF                                             CFF or CFO

答案和详解如下：

Q1. What is the difference between the direct and the indirect method of calculating cash flow from operations?

A)   The direct method starts with sales and follows cash as it flows through the income statement, while the indirect method starts with net income and adjusts for non-cash charges and other items.

B)   The indirect method starts with gross income and adjusts to cash flow from operations, while the direct method starts with gross profit and flows through the income statement to calculate cash flows from operations.

C)   Balance sheet items are not included in the cash flow from operations for the direct method, while they are included for the indirect method.

Correct answer is A)

The main difference between the direct and indirect methods of calculating cash flows is the way that cash flow from operations is calculated. The direct method starts with sales and follows cash as it flows through the income statement, while the indirect method starts with income after taxes and adjusts backwards for non-cash and other items. Both methods will have the same result for operating cash flows. The direct and indirect method calculates the financing and investing cash flows the same way and both methods will result in the same cash flow figure.

Q2. The correct set of cash flow treatments as they relate to interest paid according to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and International Accounting Standards (IAS) GAAP is:

          U.S. GAAP                         IAS GAAP

A) CFO                                            CFO or CFF

B) CFF                                             CFF

C) CFO or CFF                               CFO

Correct answer is A)

U.S. GAAP treats interest paid as CFO whereas IAS GAAP treats interest paid as either CFO or CFF.

Q3. According to U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and International Accounting Standards (IAS) GAAP, should dividends paid be treated as a cash flow from financing (CFF) or as a cash flow from operations (CFO)?

          U.S. GAAP                          IAS GAAP

A) CFF or CFO                               CFO

B) CFO                                            CFF

C) CFF                                             CFF or CFO

Correct answer is C)

U.S. GAAP treats dividends paid as CFF whereas IAS GAAP treats dividends paid as either CFO or CFF.

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