答案和详解如下： Q1. In the long-run, after all firms in a perfectly competitive industry have adopted new technology, the: A) individual firm supply will increase as demand decreases. B) price will be set where average variable cost is equal to marginal revenue. C) price will equal minimum average total cost. Correct answer is C) After some firms in an industry adopt a technological change, the existing firms that use the old technology will experience losses and either adopt the technology or exit the industry. Long-run equilibrium with price equal to minimum average total cost for the new technology will be established. Q2. Which of the following is the most likely result of a technological improvement in a perfectly competitive industry? A) The costs for individual firms increase. B) The industry supply curve shifts to the right. C) Individual firms’ supply curves shift to the left. Correct answer is B) When individual firms implement technological change, their costs decline and their supply (cost) curve shifts to the right. At the lower costs, firms are willing to supply a given quantity at a reduced price. The lower cost structure for the individual firms shifts the industry supply curve to the right. Q3. If the market demand for a product increases in a competitive market, then in the short run the quantity supplied by an individual firm will: A) decrease and the firm will generate economic profits. B) increase and the firm will generate economic losses. C) increase and the firm will generate economic profits. Correct answer is C) If the market demand for a product increases in a competitive market, then both price and quantity supplied by an individual firm will increase and the firm will generate economic profits in the short run because price will be greater than average total costs. | 
发表于 2009-1-6 13:40
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