Reading 14: Efficiency and Equity LOS f习题精选

Rank: 4

UID: 164365
帖子: 3564
主题: 498
注册时间: 2010-4-13
最后登录: 2010-6-18

2^#

发表于 2010-4-16 21:44 | 只看该作者

Which of the following is least likely to be considered a drawback of utilitarianism?

A)	Administrative fees associated with wealth transfers.

B)	Wealth transfer from the rich to the poor is expensive.

C)	High income earners will work more.

The biggest problem with the utilitarian concept is that the wealth transfer from high income earners to low income earners is brought about by taxing the high income earners. This will cause the high income earners to work less.

Rank: 4

UID: 164365
帖子: 3564
主题: 498
注册时间: 2010-4-13
最后登录: 2010-6-18

3^#

发表于 2010-4-16 21:44 | 只看该作者

The symmetry principle refers to the idea that if an economy is organized under a fair set of rules:

A)	individuals receive goods and services equal in value to their economic contribution.

B)	output is maximized at the optimal balance between voluntary and involuntary contributions from individuals.

C)	the greatest good is achieved for the greatest number of people.

The symmetry principle asserts that under a fair set of rules, the goods and services that individuals receive from the economy will be equal in value to the contributions they make to the economy.

Rank: 4

UID: 164365
帖子: 3564
主题: 498
注册时间: 2010-4-13
最后登录: 2010-6-18

4^#

发表于 2010-4-16 21:44 | 只看该作者

Which of the following economic schools of thought suggests that the greatest good occurs to the greatest number of people when wealth is transferred from the rich to the poor?

A)	Utilitarianism.

B)	Utopianism.

Symmetry.

Utilitarianism refers to the idea that the greatest good occurs to the greatest number of people when wealth is transferred from the rich to the poor in order to make everyone’s wealth equal.

Rank: 4

UID: 164365
帖子: 3564
主题: 498
注册时间: 2010-4-13
最后登录: 2010-6-18

5^#

发表于 2010-4-16 21:44 | 只看该作者

Which of the following most accurately reflects the concept that competitive markets allocate resources fairly as long as the same rules apply to all participants?

A)	The fairness principle.

B)	Utilitarianism.

C)	The symmetry principle.

The symmetry principle holds that people in similar situations should be treated similarly. It implies that the market allocates resources fairly if the rules of economic allocation are fair.

Rank: 4

UID: 164365
帖子: 3564
主题: 498
注册时间: 2010-4-13
最后登录: 2010-6-18

6^#

发表于 2010-4-16 21:45 | 只看该作者

The symmetry principle holds that:

A)	everyone has the same capacity to enjoy life.

B)	the resources of the economy should be shared equally.

C)	people in similar situations should be treated similarly.

The symmetry principle holds that people in similar situations should be treated similarly and that fairness requires equality of opportunity rather than equality of results. Individuals provide voluntary services in exchange for economic benefit and they get goods and services from the economy that are equal in value to their contributions to the economy.

Rank: 4

UID: 164365
帖子: 3564
主题: 498
注册时间: 2010-4-13
最后登录: 2010-6-18

7^#

发表于 2010-4-16 21:45 | 只看该作者

Which of the following is least likely consistent with utilitarianism?

A)	A CEO and a common laborer should receive the same income.

B)	The marginal benefit of a dollar is the same for both the poor and the rich.

C)	Everyone wants and needs the same things.

Proponents of utilitarianism argue that the marginal benefit of a dollar is greater for the poor than the rich, so the gain in marginal benefit to the poor from the transfer of wealth is greater than the loss of marginal benefit to the rich. All of the other statements are consistent with utilitarianism.