
Big Steel is considering making a bid for Small Steel. The following data applies to the analysis:
| Big Steel | Small Steel | ||
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Pre-merger stock price |
$75 | $100 | |
| Number of shares outstanding | 500m | 40m | |
| Pre-merger market value | $37,500m | $4,000m | |
| Estimated synergies |
$600m |
If Big Steel buys Small Steel for $110 per share in cash, what are the gains to Big Steel and Small Steel, respectively?
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Big Steel |
Small Steel |
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Gains to Small Steel = takeover premium = $4,400 – $4,000 = $400m.
Gains to Big Steel = synergies – takeover premium = $600 – $400 = $200.
Which of the following statements concerning the gains from a merger are least accurate?
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In a stock offer, the target shareholder’s gains will generally exceed those from a comparable cash offer. This, of course, depends upon the acquirer’s stock price following the merger. But, if the exchange ratio is based upon the acquirer’s pre-merger price, and if the post-merger price exceeds the pre-merger price, the target’s gains from the stock offer should be greater than those from a cash offer.
Big Steel is considering making a bid for Small Steel. The following data applies to the analysis:
| Big Steel | Small Steel | ||
|
Pre-merger stock price |
$75 | $100 | |
| Number of shares outstanding | 500m | 40m | |
| Pre-merger market value | $37,500m | $4,000m | |
| Estimated synergies |
$600m |
If Big Steel buys Small Steel by exchanging 1.45 shares of its stock for each share of Small Steel, what are the gains to Big Steel and Small Steel, respectively?
|
Big Steel |
Small Steel |
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Value after takeover = $37,500 + $4,000 + $600 = $42,100m.
Shares exchanged for Small Steel = 1.45 × 40m = 58m.
Post-takeover share price = value after takeover / shares outstanding = 42,100m / 558m = $75.45.
Takeover price = number of shares to small steel × post-takeover share price = 58m × $75.45 = $4,376.1m.
Gains to Small Steel = takeover premium = $4,376.1 – $4,000 = $376.1m.
Gains to Big Steel = synergies – takeover premium = $600 – $376.1 = $223.9m.
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