Q1. Which of the following statements regarding the balance of payments accounts is most accurate?

A)     The total of the balance of payments accounts does not have to equal zero.

B)     Running a deficit in the current account balance means a country imports more than it exports.

C)     A current account surplus is an indication of economic strength.

Q2. In balance of payments accounting, the net inflow of debt and equity investment funds into the country appears in the:

A)     financial account.

B)     official reserve account.

C)     current account.

Q3. If a nation is running a deficit in the current account, the sum of the financial account and the official reserve account must be:

A)     negative.

B)     zero.

C)     positive.

Q4. Under a system of flexible exchange rates, a nation that has a surplus on current account transactions will experience a:

A)   surplus on its financial accounts transactions.

B)   deficit on its financial accounts transactions.

C)   deficit on its balance of payments.

Q5. Which of the following statements is most accurate for a country with a current account surplus? The current account surplus must be:

A)   exactly offset by a deficit in the sum of the financial and official reserve accounts.

B)   exactly offset by a deficit in the financial account.

C)   accompanied by surpluses in the financial and official reserve accounts.

答案和详解如下：

Q1. Which of the following statements regarding the balance of payments accounts is most accurate?

A)     The total of the balance of payments accounts does not have to equal zero.

B)     Running a deficit in the current account balance means a country imports more than it exports.

C)     A current account surplus is an indication of economic strength.

Correct answer is B)

The balance of payments (BOP) equation is:

Current Account + Capital Account + Official Reserve Account = 0

The current account measures the exchange of merchandise goods, services, investment income, and unilateral transfers (gifts to and from other nations) between nations. The BOP equation must equal zero and a surplus or deficit in any account does not indicate an economic strength or weakness.

Q2. In balance of payments accounting, the net inflow of debt and equity investment funds into the country appears in the:

A)     financial account.

B)     official reserve account.

C)     current account.

Correct answer is A)

The financial account measures the flow of debt and equity investment funds into and out of the country.

Q3. If a nation is running a deficit in the current account, the sum of the financial account and the official reserve account must be:

A)     negative.

B)     zero.

C)     positive.

Correct answer is C)

The balance of payments equation is: Current account balance + financial account balance + official reserve account balance = 0. If the current account balance is in deficit, the others must be positive for the sum of these balances to be zero.

Q4. Under a system of flexible exchange rates, a nation that has a surplus on current account transactions will experience a:

A)   surplus on its financial accounts transactions.

B)   deficit on its financial accounts transactions.

C)   deficit on its balance of payments.

Correct answer is B)         

A surplus on current account transactions must be offset by a deficit in its financial accounts in order to have a balance on a nation’s account transactions, a balance of payments.

Q5. Which of the following statements is most accurate for a country with a current account surplus? The current account surplus must be:

A)   exactly offset by a deficit in the sum of the financial and official reserve accounts.

B)   exactly offset by a deficit in the financial account.

C)   accompanied by surpluses in the financial and official reserve accounts.

Correct answer is A)

By definition: current account + financial account + official reserve account = 0.