invic

I don't think written permission is required for "Referral fees" and "Independent practice". Written permission is only required when gifts are promised to hit the future benchmarks, not even in case of past benchmarks. In case of Independent practice, analyst just need to agree on terms and conditions. Terms and conditions may require an analyst to get written permission before he accepts any assignments from any other firm or competing firm.

Disclosure is required in every other situation unless it's a very small token amount and firm clearly specifies that no disclosure is required for token amount under certain limit.